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[292][293] U.S. police killed 1,093 people in 2016 and 1,146 people in 2015. [139] As a result, Germany has a police force of only 300 officers per 100,000 of its population. Instances of police striking journalists with batons to obstruct their live reporting have been filmed. "[202], The Netherlands is signatory to the European Convention on Human Rights[203] detailing the limits and responsibilities of police powers, and as such demonstrates a public commitment to the restricted legal use of police powers. The study was conducted by the Ruhr-University of Bochum and was the biggest study at the time to be conducted on police brutality in Germany. [189], In 2008, Lawrence Gonzi (The Minister for Justice and Home Affairs) called upon Martin Scicluna, a former civil servant and currently an expert on security issues at the Prime Minister's Office, to conduct an independent inquiry into 24 March 2008 police brutality incident. Seven police officers were caught on video kicking and beating a prominent political activist who was already handcuffed. [73][74], Several other instances of police violence can be noted in Belgium. [252][253] It is argued that authorities turn a blind eye to any allegations that arise because the victims are often from ethnic minorities, and there is a culture of racism within parts of the police force. ", Jean Paul Aquilina, 24-year-old Mosta man. [316][317], Police officers are legally permitted to use force. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states have seen many cases of brutality, with some even involving senior figures. [9] One of the "demands" around which people decided to take to the streets in Egypt was "purging the Ministry of Interior" for its brutality and torture practices. [266] Solomon then took her case to the European Court of Human Rights, who unanimously ruled in her favour that Spain had violated Article 3 (prohibition of inhuman and degrading treatment) and Article 14 (prohibition of discrimination) of the European Convention of Human Rights. The police force in Hungary consists of the National Bureau of Investigation and the Operational Police, who respectively deal with investigating severe crimes and riot suppression. Various community groups have criticized police brutality. Some of the people living in the camp, including children and women, were reportedly attacked by GNR officers. [284] The police officers who were accused of laughing throughout the ordeal were cleared of misconduct in public office by the Aylesbury Crown Court. [304][305], The militarist approach to dealing with social issues led the country to its highest violence levels and in 2015 Brazil had more violent deaths than the Syrian Civil War,[306] with most people fearing the police. [citation needed], The Department of Justice also released a statement that confronted police officers' susceptibility to implicit bias: One of the things they looked at was "threat perception failure", where an officer may believe that the person was armed and it turned out not to be the case. They called upon Maltese authorities to conduct a rapid investigation emphasising the need to forbid violence against migrants and refugees, whether by state parties or by individuals. [123] Police officers are most often suspected of traffic-related crimes (endangering road safety, vehicular collisions, etc.) During this time, an imbalance existed between police actions and citizens' rights. "[89], The Police of Denmark has a force of approximately 11,000 officers and they serve in the 12 police districts and the two Danish overseas territories. [54], There has been a notable lack of commitment to addressing the violation of civilians' rights in Austria, with Amnesty International reporting that in 1998-1999 very few people who violated human rights were brought to justice. Of the deaths classified as law enforcement homicides, there were 2,876 deaths; of those, 1,643 or 57.1% of the deaths were "people of color".[6].