special and differential treatment for developing countries

Target 10.A: Special and differential treatment for developing countries. Common But Differentiated Responsibilities (CBDR) was formalized in United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) of Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro, 1992. Questions also arise as to whether and how the outcome of the JSI negotiations may be multilateralized. One key question that confronts trade negotiators is what negotiated outcome would best enable developing countries – both participants and non-participants – to harness potential benefits of e-commerce for sustainable development. For example, while digital data are increasingly recognized as important economic resource and a key driver of the digital economy, creating and capturing value from digital data has emerged as a central policy challenge. Our hope is that the insights gained would serve to assist developing countries in positioning themselves vis-à-vis the JSI negotiations, as well as e-commerce negotiations in other trade forums, including at the regional level, and in the development of their national e-commerce policies and regulations. Not all issues addressed in the JSI negotiations are novel. abbreviated text. They suggested that instead, fuel subsidies and fuel tax exemptions should be banned. In a new report entitled, What is at stake for developing countries in trade negotiations on e-commerce? It is one of the enduring mysteries of life to me why so many researchers who wish to influence public policy discussions on issues related to (e.g.) The case of the Joint Statement Initiative. Get Full Digital Access To The Hindu BusinessLine, The Hindu, Frontline, Sportstar, Crossword+, Epaper replica of The Hindu and The Hindu BusinessLine in ONE SINGLE DISCOUNTED PRICE! No agreement could be reached between WTO members on the criteria for selecting countries that would be eligible for special treatment including transition periods. Certain countries that have become "developed" in the last 20 years by almost all economic metrics, still insist to be classified as "developing country", as it entitle them to a preferential treatment at the WTO, countries such as Brunei, Hong Kong, Kuwait, Macao, Qatar, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates have been cited and criticized for this self-declared status. Experience cleaner site with zero ads and faster load times. . While existing practice has waived customs duties on electronic transmissions, there are concerns that rapid technological advances will increase the number and volume of products that may be transmitted electronically, with adverse effects on customs revenue. editorial team. Some other members opposed the proposal on the ground that it would result in horizontal fuel subsidies provided to all industries go unchecked. Against this background, UNCTAD provides more evidence and analysis that could help developing countries to acquire a better understanding of the development implications of various issues under discussion in the JSI negotiations. This article describes the guidelines on specific aspects of physiotherapy of patients with COVID-19 to limit the spread of the disease and secure the safety of health care personnel [37] . Likewise, the regulatory capacity of developing countries would be the key factor that could affect the effectiveness of future disciplines. Comments will be moderated by The Hindu Business Line Offer closes soon. “I am acutely aware that the negotiations on fishery subsidies are difficult, but members should exercise the necessary flexibility for progress to be made on this important issue. Some WTO members, however, are of the view that instead of giving an exemption, developing countries should be allowed a transitional period before rules on prohibited subsidies get implemented. (example: u cannot substitute for you, d is not Given the huge medical expenses related to critical illnesses, targeted insurance policies for the same could ... Key resistances limit the rally in Sensex, Nifty 50; stay watchful, No change in residency status conditions for FY21 for those stranded here due to Covid-19, Many hurdles come in the way of your attempts to sell and repurchase MF units at the same NAV. Implement the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in accordance with World Trade Organization agreements. We innovate for tomorrow and help improve today – for our customers, all Australians and the world. India continued to insist that there should be blanket exemption from subsidy reduction commitments for fishing in territorial waters as this was where most of the small and artisanal fishers cast their nets. Many developing countries suffer from lack of national laws regulating, for instance, online consumer protection, electronic transactions, data protection and cybercrime. all capital letters, or in all lower case letters, or using Goal 12 - Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns. It is estimated that online shopping as a share of global retail surged from 13% in 2019 to 17% in 2020. As shown by the UNCTAD Cyberlaw Tracker, less than half of the least developed countries have adopted legislation to protect consumers online and to protect data. Worldwide, breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women. “The second cluster of fisheries subsidies meetings has taken place this week and members held bilateral and small group discussions. Target 10.a: Implement the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in accordance with World Trade Organization agreements . The WTO deals with the special needs of developing countries in three ways: More introductory information ... include numerous provisions giving developing and least-developed countries special rights or extra leniency — “special and differential treatment”. Goal 11 - Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. Know your tax liability, Divyenndu: OTT has changed the grammar of film-making, Money, money, money — in a decisive woman’s world, Say cheese, says the organised dairy sector. Avail Invitation Pricing Now Or click on Free Trial to get 14 days free trial. This may however be deemed as an unwelcome regulatory intrusion by operators. S2). Similarly, in discussing de minimis thresholds to facilitate the e-commerce induced expansion of small, low-value parcels crossing borders, the question is how to strike a balance between reduced government revenues from import duties and taxes, and possible gains to economic agents, including consumers and small businesses. Adequate regulation of cross-border data flows will be essential to ensure sustainable development outcomes from the data-driven economy. For developing countries, irrespective of their participation in the JSI negotiations, formulating national policy and regulatory frameworks to build digital capabilities remains an essential component of a broader national development agenda. These are called “special and differential treatment” provisions. Encourage Development Assistance and Investment in Least Developed Countries . We may remove hyperlinks within comments. Covid-19 has triggered a consumer shift towards branded products as ... Big Story | All you need to know about critical illness insurance. SDG Indicator 10.A.1 Differential tariffs for least developed countries. avoid rejection. It will also be important to consider how the content and implementation modalities of the possible outcome should be crafted to facilitate greater participation. At CSIRO, we do the extraordinary every day. “Some options that were examined included giving more time to some developing and least-developed countries to expand their fleets by giving subsidies. Moreover, plurilateral approaches should be a temporary journey and not a substitute for multilateralism. World Trade Organisation’s next Director General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala has prioritised the proposed agreement on pruning harmful fisheries subsidies, which is stuck over extending special and differential treatment to developing countries like India, and has said that the pact should be finalised by the next Ministerial Conference (MC12) likely this year. Policymakers across the globe are considering various approaches for defining categories of data, including to establish ownership of data generated by individuals and communities when using digital platforms and possible compensation for those whose data are being used. Please write complete sentences. Many cases still remain idiopathic in developed countries (up to 50%), while other common causes include especially cancer (10–25%), pericarditis and infectious causes (15–30%), iatrogenic causes (15–20%), and connective tissue disease (5–15%), whereas tuberculosis is the dominant cause in developing countries (>60%), where tuberculosis is endemic. Some concern longstanding challenges that developing countries face in reaping the benefits associated with trade liberalization. Over 80 members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) are currently negotiating trade rules on electronic commerce (e-commerce) under the so-called "Joint Statement Initiative (JSI)". The pandemic has also reminded us of the huge divides that still characterize the world in terms of country readiness to engage in and benefit from e-commerce. Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube and E-commerce was growing fast even before the COVID-19 pandemic. As with in previous technological revolutions, the benefits from digital transformations will be immense, but they will not materialize automatically. Also of special concern is trachoma, a devastating disease common in third-world countries characterized by chronic infection during youth and potentially blinding corneal and conjunctival scarring in mid-life. It was also suggested that alternatively, the transition period could be used to increase countries’ ability to monitor their fish stocks which can then enable them to use the proposed carve-outs to allow subsidised fishing in well managed waters,” the official said. The government is yet to specify the framework of its recently announced old vehicle scrappage policy. technology use in education -- especially those discussions which occur in developing countries -- continue to permit their research findings to be locked away behind paywalls. See Comments that are abusive, personal, incendiary or Goal 10 - Reduce inequality within and among countries 11. Treatment interventions - There is no current evidence from RCTs to recommend any specific anti-nCoV treatment for patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-2019 infection. For the Jan-May differential, we calculated average pollutant levels for January−May each year between 2017 and 2020. Subgroups were formed, each responsible for developing recommendations and evidence support in the specific areas of diagnostic testing; treatment of cutaneous, mucosal, and visceral leishmaniasis; and issues associated with immunocompromised hosts and other special populations. WTO fisheries talks: Members try to untangle special, differential treatment Amiti Sen New Delhi | Updated on February 19, 2021 New WTO DG wants fisheries pact … Implement the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in accordance with WTO agreements 10.b. When it comes to content, the inclusion of certain issues which have yet to reach a certain level of maturity even in domestic policymaking may be challenging for many. The lack of reliable data makes any assessment of the net effects on developing countries of both the moratorium and different de minimis thresholds values tentative in nature. Citroen’s first vehicle sports a novel design and European interiors. 13. Why and how marketers have used camels, and left us thirsting for more, Start-up SALT wants to break feminine stereotypes around money, and is asking women to reassert agency. How these topics are addressed in future e-commerce rules may have significant consequences for Internet governance and for the digital economy and society more broadly. The CBDR principle is mentioned in UNFCCC article 3 paragraph 1.., and article 4 paragraph 1. Encourage ODA and financial flows, including foreign direct investment, to states where the need is greatest, in particular LDCs, African countries, SIDS, and LLDCs, in accordance with their national plans and programs de la Paix, 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland, Welcome to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, What is at stake for developing countries in trade negotiations on e-commerce? Access exclusive content of the Hindu Businessline across desktops, tablet and mobile device. 12. Special and Differential Treatment for Developing Countries. Puneet Dhawan of Accor is brimming with ideas on ways to revive the hospitality sector. Special and differential treatment provisions. Copyright © 2021, THG PUBLISHING PVT LTD. Insider trading case: Kishore Biyani pays interim fine to SEBI, Alcobev sales may give States’ revenue a high too, Consumer trust in e-commerce intensifies amidst pandemic, Jhunjhunwala’s investment in Nazara Tech rises to ₹432 crore, Bonjour, new guests from small-town India, Test Drive: C5 Aircross: French flair, tailored for India, Breaking it down: Mandatory or not, that’s the question, Index Outlook | Sensex, Nifty 50 are range-bound, Stuck in India due to Covid ? Follow us on Telegram, UN definition: Implement the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in accordance with World Trade Organization agreements. There were separate talks on special and differential treatment for developing countries but differences remain,” a Geneva-based official told BusinessLine. Procedurally, incorporating a plurilateral agreement within the WTO framework would require consensus among all WTO members. Development-friendly e-commerce regulation therefore matters. The outcome will depend on policies, regulations and measures undertaken at both national and international levels to build the capabilities needed for countries to deal with technological disruptions. 'the', n is not 'and'). It’s that time of year again when brands suddenly start paying obeisance to women power. The case of the Joint Statement Initiative, we assess various options for harnessing e-commerce for sustainable development. Hi Jason, Thanks for your comment and question. The WTO Agreements contain provisions which give developing countries special rights. Separate computerized searches of Medline (primarily English language) through 2014, with some … And it has every reason to smile. In less-developed countries, it is the leading cause of cancer death in women; in developed countries, however, it has been surpassed by lung cancer as a cause of cancer death in women. But given the impact that privileged access to data can have on the competitiveness of firms, on the overall income distribution and on market concentration, the regulation of data remains complex. This raises concerns among many developing countries as they see the risk of becoming mere providers of raw data to global digital platforms – most of which are based in the United States and China – while having to pay for the digital intelligence produced from those data by the platforms. Among these are provisions that allow developed countries to treat developing countries more favourably than other WTO members. For example, future trade rules on e-commerce could have considerable effects on scarce government revenues for many developing countries. Linkedin. A robust agreement would be a win-win for trade and sustainability,” said Okonjo-Iweala at the WTO General Council meeting earlier this week. We refer to these as 1) the Jan-May differential and 2) the lockdown differential (SI Appendix, Fig. Three weeks before my art exhibition was due to go up, I had chosen the pieces I wanted to show. UNCTAD’s e-Trade Readiness assessments done in 27 developing countries show that there are gaping holes in the areas of national strategy, connectivity, skills, logistics, finance, and legal and regulatory environment. The pandemic has further accentuated the shift towards e-commerce as people and businesses have gone online to cope with various lockdown measures and travel restrictions. This would do little to reverse the current trends of rising inequalities. Please use a genuine email ID and provide your name, to The differential was defined as the difference between 2020 values and the average of those for a 3-y baseline (2017−2019). Future e-commerce trade rules should seek to help mobilize more resources for financial and technical assistance to developing countries to strengthen their capabilities to engage in and benefit from e-commerce and the digital economy. Do not type comments in Encourage official development assistance and … Opinions remain widely divided on how best to regulate e-commerce, especially at the international level. While this is understandable, the possible outcome of the JSI negotiations will likely affect the governance of various dimensions of e-commerce, with implications for all countries, whether they are party to these negotiations or not. It must consider not only the trade dimension but also issues related to national security, human rights (such as the right to privacy) and law enforcement. Many governments are also still considering how best to regulate the access to source codes of software when required for legitimate public policy reasons, which may include transfer of technology. As for the implementation of a JSI outcome, member States will need to consider if special and differential treatment can be applied in a way that makes it possible for developing countries at varying level of e-commerce readiness to assume a higher level of commitments at different speeds. It is very difficult to address all the development dimensions of data through the trade lens, which explains why country positions vary considerably and why broader development policies need to be considered in this context. Get diverse set of perspectives from our trusted experts on Portfolio, Banking, Economy, Environment and others. Although acute hospitalization is uncommon for trachoma, hospital-based preventive lid surgeries are central to trachoma management paradigms. These regulations are essential in ensuring the validity of contracts and enhancing trust on online transactions. Defining the JSI outcome as a “plurilateral” agreement is not likely to settle the ambivalence associated with the future e-commerce agreement. Customize your preference and get a personalized recommendation of stories based on your interest. Please Subscribe to get access to one of our early bird packs. These WTO members seek to make progress in advance of the 12th WTO ministerial conference to be held when conditions so permit. An agreement on prohibiting ‘harmful’ fisheries subsidies could lead to elimination of an estimated at $14 billion-$20.5 billion of subsidies annually that lead to overfishing and depletion of fish stocks worldwide, but many countries like India have sought exemption for artisanal fishers who fish in territorial waters. Many developing countries have chosen not to engage in JSI e-commerce negotiations, stating inter alia a preference for first building their regulatory and institutional capacities and safeguarding their policy space to pursue development objectives in this fast-evolving area. In 2019, about 1.5 billion people shopped online, an increase of 7% from 2018. This also suggests a need to facilitate more interaction between trade negotiators and the Internet community and its stakeholders. Comfort, convenience, value, safety — and not necessarily the colour pink — but do brands deliver? We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. From sentimental to ... Three years after its inception, compliance with GST procedures remains a headache for exporters, job workers ... Corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives of companies are altering the prospects for wooden toys of ... Aequs Aerospace to create space for large-scale manufacture of toys at Koppal. You can also download our Android App or IOS App. The report discusses the useful lessons that may be learnt from the scheduling approach used in WTO’s Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA), which allows parties to take into account individual countries’ implementation capacities, capacity-building support and capacity acquisition. About CSIRO. Digitalization has greatly affected the world of trade in the past two decades with more and more goods and services being sold online. Target 10.b. International development partners, including UNCTAD, have an important role to play in supporting such national efforts. The Ministers in Doha, at the 4th WTO Ministerial Conference mandated the Committee on Trade and Development to examine these special and differential treatment provisions. As for the implementation of a JSI outcome, member States will need to consider if special and differential treatment can be applied in a way that makes it possible for developing countries at varying level of e-commerce readiness to assume a higher level of commitments at different speeds. You have reached your weekly free article limit. irrelevant cannot be published. Switzerland climbs to top of global e-commerce index, Isabelle Durant takes over as acting head of UNCTAD, New survey shows COVID-19’s impact on e-commerce in poorer nations, COVID-19 has changed online shopping forever, survey shows, Developing countries and trade negotiations on e-commerce, UNCTAD - Palais des Nations, 8-14, Av. The new DG will officially take charge from March 1 2021. In other instances, governments may wish to be able to hold intermediary platforms accountable for illegal or harmful content posted by their users. 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